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Table 3 Influence of dual inoculation on rhizosphere microbial communities and AM fungal live-biomass analyzed before stress# and at stress## in a drought susceptible soybean cultivar, MAUS 2 grown under irrigated and moisture stressed conditions by phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) biomarkers and AM fungal biomarker 16:1ω5cis PLFA & NLFA (all values in nmols/g soil)

From: Ameliorating the drought stress tolerance of a susceptible soybean cultivar, MAUS 2 through dual inoculation with selected rhizobia and AM fungus

 

Treatments

Gram + ve

Gram−ve

Anaerobes

Eukaryote

Fungi

Actinomycetes

AM fungi

(16:1ω5cis)

PLFA)

AM fungi

(16:1ω5cis)

NLFA)

F/B ratio

Gram -ve stress ratio

Before Stress#

UI

30.93

28.37

0.87

2.30

1.66

9.92b

2.07

2.91

0.050

1.083

I

35.5*

32.23

1.88*

4.54*

2.45

10.61*

2.13

4.11*

0.061

1.472*

UIS

30.60

26.40

1.04

2.51

2.47

9.04

1.91

3.17

0.051

3.574

IS

34.43*

32.20

1.55*

4.57*

2.32

11.32*

2.06

4.11*

0.057

4.017*

At stress##

UI

36.45

28.49

1.55

2.48

1.63

11.86

2.08

3.62

0.060

3.990b

I

44.28*

37.58

1.86*

4.60*

2.28

14.88*

3.52*

12.10*

0.059

4.587*

UIS

27.90

24.81

1.02

2.38

1.26

6.29

1.77

3.28

0.044

3.185

IS

28.09

31.89

1.38*

3.27*

1.74

10.32*

2.39*

9.92*

0.062

3.832*

 

SD

4.77

4.89

0.34

0.76

0.33

1.05

0.23

1.17

0.042

0.148

LSD

10.11

10.36

0.71

1.61

0.70

2.23

0.49

2.47

0.042

0.148

2-Way ANOVA

Inoculation (I)

*

NS

*

*

NS

*

*

*

NS

*

Stress (S)

NS

NS

NS

NS

*

NS

*

*

NS

*

Interaction

I × S

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

*

*

*

NS

*

  1. Significant differences (p  ≤ 0.05) relative to controls UI & UIS to their respective treatments I & IS, and between interactions are indicated by asterisk (*)
  2. UI un-inoculated, IC inoculated, UIS un-inoculated stress, IS inoculated stress, Pod filling stage: 2nd stress period (85–100 DAS), SD standard deviation; LSD least significant difference, NS not significant
  3. #Analyzed on 34 DAS (before imposing stress), ##Analyzed on 50 DAS (at stress)