Fig. 4

The effects of the investigated enzymes and detergent were evaluated by co-cultivating EVs without barley. 5 and 10 µl were added per enzyme, detergent, or combination. PBS (negative control, EV-free and enzyme- or detergent-free, red line) is shown as a reference. Optical density at selected timepoints [22, 33, and 44 h post-inoculation (hpi)] was mapped as a bar diagram and statistical analysis (two-tailed Student’s t-test) was performed with PBS-treated F. graminearum as reference. Asterisks indicate significant differences (p-value < 0.05)